Пожилая леди опустила очки на глаза
с таким же успехом она могла бы видеть сквозь пару крышек от плиты
Beat is used here in the competitive sense.
Bill and John were in a race, Bill won, Bill beat John.
"I never did see a boy who was more infuriating than Tom!"
She means that Tom's always managed to outsmart her.
She wants a twig in order to spank Tom.
the danger of being hit with the switch (the peril - опасность) was going to happen almost immediately and it would hurt (was desperate)
Парень тут же бросился бежать, вскарабкался на высокий дощатый забор и исчез за ним.
damn it